ape itu tonsilitis????

assalamualaikum smua...hari nie nk share stu cite..
pg2x aku da rse skit sgt tkak nie n ssah nk breathing...
ari rbu aritu aku g jmpe dktr at pnwar n aku disahkn ade tonsilitis..
dan dye ckap da trok sgt n da bole kne buang..dan cre buang hnye dgn operation..
tkotnye.bile arini aku rse trok sgt,flat..aku cme tpk nk blik,blik dan blik..
aku nk wat gak oprtion..drpd tggung kskitan tu..aku da ta lrt..
sni cite sal tonsilitis..

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms of tonsillitis include sore throat and fever. While no treatment has been found to shorten the duration of viral tonsillitis, bacterial causes may be treatable with antibiotics.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of tonsillitis include:

• red and/or swollen tonsils
• white or yellow patches on the tonsils
• tender, stiff, and/or swollen neck

• sore throat
• painful or difficult swallowing
• cough
• headache
• sore eyes
• body aches
• otalgia
• fever
• chills
• nasal congestions

Acute tonsillitis is caused by both bacteria and viruses and will be accompanied by symptoms of ear pain when swallowing, bad breath, and drooling along with sore throat and fever. In this case, the surface of the tonsil may be bright red or have a grayish-white coating, while the lymph nodes in the neck may be swollen. 

Causes

The most common causes of tonsillitis are the common cold viruses (adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus). It can also be caused by Epstein-Barr virus,herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, or HIV The second most common causes are bacterial. The most common bacterial cause is Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS), which causes strep throat. Less common bacterial causes include: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, pertussis,Fusobacterium, diphtheria, syphilis, and gonorrhea.

Under normal circumstances, as viruses and bacteria enter the body through the nose and mouth, they are filtered in the tonsils^] Within the tonsils, white blood cells of the immune system mount an attack that helps destroy the viruses or bacteria, and also causes inflammation and fever. The infection may also be present in the throat and surrounding areas, causing inflammation of thepharynx. This is the area in the back of the throat that lies between the voice box and the tonsils.

Tonsillitis may be caused by Group A streptococcal bacteria, resulting in strep throat. Viral tonsillitis may be caused by numerous viruses such as the Epstein-Barr virus (the cause ofinfectious mononucleosis) or adenovirus.

Sometimes, tonsillitis is caused by an infection of spirochaeta and treponema, in this case called Vincent's angina or Plaut-Vincent angina.

Treatment

Treatments to reduce the discomfort from tonsillitis symptoms include

• pain relief, anti-inflammatory, fever reducing medications (acetaminophen, ibuprofen)
• sore throat relief (salt water gargle, lozenges, warm liquids)

If the tonsillitis is caused by group A streptococus, then antibiotics are useful with penicillin or amoxicillin being first line. A macrolide such as erythromycin is used for patients allergic to penicillin. Patient who fail penicilin therapy may respond to treatment effective against beta-lactamse producing bacteria such as clindamycin or amoxicillin-clavulanate. Aerobic and anaerobic beta lactamase producing bacteria that reside in the tonsillar tissues can "shield" group A streptococcus from penicilins. When tonsillitis is caused by a virus, the length of illness depends on which virus is involved. Usually, a complete recovery is made within one week; however may last for up to two weeks. Chronic cases may be treated with tonsillectomy (surgical removal of tonsils) as a choice for treatment.

Complications

Complications may rarely include dehydration and kidney failure due to difficulty swallowing, blocked airways due to inflammation, and pharyngitis due to the spread of infection.

An abscess may develop lateral to the tonsil during an infection, typically several days after the onset of tonsillitis. This is termed a peritonsillar abscess (or quinsy). Rarely, the infection may spread beyond the tonsil resulting in inflammation and infection of the internal jugular vein giving rise to a spreading septicaemia infection (Lemierre's syndrome).

In chronic/recurrent cases (generally defined as seven episodes of tonsillitis in the preceding year, five episodes in each of the preceding two years or three episodes in each of the preceding three years), or in acute cases where the palatine tonsils become so swollen that swallowing is impaired, a tonsillectomy can be performed to remove the tonsils. Patients whose tonsils have been removed are still protected from infection by the rest of their immune system.

In very rare cases of strep throat, diseases like rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis can occur. These complications are extremely rare in developed nations but remain a significant problem in poorer nations.Tonsillitis associated with strep throat, if untreated, can also lead to pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS)

Tonsilloliths occur in up to 10% of the population frequently due to episodes of tonsillitis